"""Training-facing KDA operator with the same boundary as FLA's ``chunk_kda``."""

from __future__ import annotations

import warnings
from functools import lru_cache

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F

from .reference.chunkwise import DECAY_BLOCK, _EXP_LIMIT, naive_chunk_kda


@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
def _fla_chunk_kda():
    try:
        from fla.ops.kda import chunk_kda
    except ImportError:
        return None
    return chunk_kda


def _reference_chunk_size(T: int, requested: int) -> int:
    size = min(T, requested)
    while T % size:
        size -= 1
    return size


def chunk_kda(
    q: torch.Tensor,
    k: torch.Tensor,
    v: torch.Tensor,
    g: torch.Tensor,
    beta: torch.Tensor,
    *,
    A_log: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    dt_bias: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    scale: float | None = None,
    initial_state: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    output_final_state: bool = False,
    use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel: bool = False,
    use_gate_in_kernel: bool = False,
    use_beta_sigmoid_in_kernel: bool = False,
    safe_gate: bool = False,
    lower_bound: float | None = None,
    chunk_size: int = 64,
    backend: str = "reference",
):
    """Run an explicitly selected KDA implementation.

    ``reference`` and its legacy alias ``torch`` use this repository's
    differentiable PyTorch implementation. ``triton`` uses the vendored
    FLA NVIDIA Triton kernels in ``kda._fla`` (chunk_size 32 or 64,
    CUDA). ``fla`` is reserved for explicit upstream parity runs.
    """
    supported = {"reference", "triton", "fla", "torch", "auto"}
    if backend not in supported:
        raise ValueError(f"backend must be one of {sorted(supported)}")
    if not use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel:
        # Backend-independent: this is a property of the recurrence, not of any
        # one implementation.
        warnings.warn(
            "use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel=False: KDA's chunkwise form assumes "
            "||k||=1 so that I + tril(A_kk*beta) has a convergent Neumann "
            "series. Unnormalised k makes the exact output grow like "
            "||k||^chunk_size and can reach inf on any backend.",
            RuntimeWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
    if backend == "auto":
        warnings.warn(
            "backend='auto' is deprecated and now selects the local reference backend; "
            "use backend='fla' explicitly for upstream FLA",
            DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
        backend = "reference"
    if backend == "torch":
        backend = "reference"
    if backend == "triton":
        from .triton.chunk import chunk_kda as triton_chunk_kda

        fla_chunk = 32 if chunk_size <= 32 else 64
        return triton_chunk_kda(
            q,
            k,
            v,
            g,
            beta,
            scale=scale,
            initial_state=initial_state,
            output_final_state=output_final_state,
            chunk_size=fla_chunk,
            use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel=use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel,
            use_gate_in_kernel=use_gate_in_kernel,
            use_beta_sigmoid_in_kernel=use_beta_sigmoid_in_kernel,
            A_log=A_log,
            dt_bias=dt_bias,
            safe_gate=safe_gate,
            lower_bound=lower_bound,
        )
    if backend == "fla":
        fused_op = _fla_chunk_kda()
        if fused_op is None:
            raise RuntimeError(
                "backend='fla' requires a complete flash-linear-attention installation"
            )
        return fused_op(
            q,
            k,
            v,
            g,
            beta,
            A_log=A_log,
            dt_bias=dt_bias,
            scale=scale,
            initial_state=initial_state,
            output_final_state=output_final_state,
            use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel=use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel,
            use_gate_in_kernel=use_gate_in_kernel,
            use_beta_sigmoid_in_kernel=use_beta_sigmoid_in_kernel,
            safe_gate=safe_gate,
            lower_bound=lower_bound,
            chunk_size=32 if chunk_size <= 32 else 64,
        )

    if safe_gate and lower_bound is not None:
        # _decayed_dot exponentiates at most DECAY_BLOCK steps of gate decay,
        # and safe_gate bounds each step by |lower_bound|.
        budget = DECAY_BLOCK * abs(lower_bound)
        if budget > _EXP_LIMIT:
            raise ValueError(
                f"lower_bound={lower_bound} allows a gate span of {budget:.1f} "
                f"per {DECAY_BLOCK}-row block, which overflows exp() "
                f"(limit {_EXP_LIMIT:.1f}) and yields NaN. Use "
                f"|lower_bound| < {_EXP_LIMIT / DECAY_BLOCK:.2f} or "
                "backend='triton'."
            )
    if use_qk_l2norm_in_kernel:
        q, k = F.normalize(q, dim=-1), F.normalize(k, dim=-1)
    if use_beta_sigmoid_in_kernel:
        beta = beta.sigmoid()
    if use_gate_in_kernel:
        if A_log is None:
            raise ValueError("A_log is required when use_gate_in_kernel=True")
        bias = 0 if dt_bias is None else dt_bias.view(g.shape[-2:])
        gate_input = g + bias
        rate = A_log.exp().view(1, 1, -1, 1)
        if safe_gate:
            if lower_bound is None:
                raise ValueError("lower_bound is required when safe_gate=True")
            g = lower_bound * torch.sigmoid(rate * gate_input)
        else:
            g = -rate * F.softplus(gate_input)

    return naive_chunk_kda(
        q,
        k,
        v,
        g,
        beta,
        scale=scale,
        initial_state=initial_state,
        output_final_state=output_final_state,
        chunk_size=_reference_chunk_size(q.shape[1], chunk_size),
    )